Chapter 1: The Science Behind Bone Strength

In most instances, genetic mutations carry negative connotations. They often lead to inherited diseases or accumulate over time to increase cancer risk. However, positive mutations are less common and are intriguing, as they can grant individuals unique abilities. One such mutation is known to provide exceptional strength to bones.

Oh my, what a robust LRP5 gene you possess!

In 2002, researchers unveiled a previously unidentified mutation in the LRP5 gene in an article published in The New England Journal of Medicine. Located on chromosome 11, LRP5 plays a crucial role in cellular signaling throughout the body. This gene is instrumental in the formation of light-sensitive cells in the eyes, the intricate blood vessels associated with the retina and inner ear, and the regulation of bone density and strength.

While several known mutations in LRP5 have adverse health effects—such as retinal damage due to insufficient blood vessel growth, juvenile osteoporosis, and osteoporosis-pseudoglioma syndrome—not all mutations in this gene are detrimental. The family highlighted in the 2002 study possesses an LRP5 mutation that enhances its function rather than impairs it. This mutation, termed LRP5V171 (due to the substitution of a valine amino acid at position 171), appears to enhance the LRP5 pathway, resulting in stronger and denser bone formation.

Interestingly, individuals with the LRP5V171 mutation reported no instances of broken bones.

Can I obtain this strong bones mutation?

Unfortunately, current genetic engineering techniques have not reached a point where we can alter our own genetic makeup. Tools like CRISPR allow for specific DNA modifications, yet significant challenges remain, including effective delivery to all cells and the risk of unintended edits that could lead to damage or cancer.

Could Gene Editing Create Smarter People?

Despite advancements in genetic editing, individuals cannot acquire the LRP5V171 mutation for themselves. The only way to pass this mutation on to future generations would be to find a carrier and marry them (perhaps a strategic approach on Tinder?). However, there are still steps you can take to enhance bone strength. Prioritize a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, which is essential for calcium absorption. Regular exercise, especially weight training, is also crucial; studies indicate resistance training may activate genetic pathways that stimulate growth factors and enhance bone density.

Fight Back Against Implied Causation!

We naturally tend to see correlation as causation—here’s a way to catch yourself.

What about the myth of race and bone density?

For centuries, unfounded claims have suggested that Black individuals possess stronger, denser bones, often used to justify assertions about their swimming abilities. Some small studies indicate that Black individuals of African descent may have slightly lower buoyancy than their European counterparts of similar height, weight, and age. However, the most significant differences often stem from socioeconomic factors. Many Black individuals grow up in areas with lower average incomes and limited access to community resources like swimming facilities and lessons.

Variability in height, weight, and body fat percentages among individuals makes it implausible for genetics alone to account for widespread racial disparities. Ultimately, the influence of financial status far outweighs genetic factors.

While most genetic mutations yield effects that range from negligible to harmful, some rare mutations can provide a distinct advantage. The LRP5 mutation, for instance, increases bone density. Nevertheless, since surviving a broken bone is relatively manageable nowadays, it's unlikely that this mutation will become a significant factor in human evolution. This serves as a fascinating example of nature's ongoing exploration of genetic variations and its search for new capabilities!

Chapter 2: Rare Genetic Features

The first video titled "12 Rare Features Your Friends Might Have" explores unique genetic traits that some individuals possess, shedding light on the fascinating world of human genetics.

The second video, "Human Mutations - Bone Mutation," delves into the specifics of genetic mutations that can affect bone structure, highlighting the implications of such changes on human health.